Microeconomics, Macroeconomics, And Macroeconomics

Abstract Economics is made up of two smaller categories microeconomics, and macroeconomics. Microeconomics is more of a smaller scale such as an industry while macroeconomics is on a more national level. It is important to study economics even if you are not a business owner. For example, understanding economics and the market, you could better determine when to buy a house or when to start up a business. In a YouTube video titled â€Å"AP Econ Music Video Microeconomics SPHA†, a group of teenagers worked on a music video summarizing major concepts of economics. In that video, there are a lot of key factors such as supply, demand, monopolies, elasticity, and costs that are beneficial to both producers and consumers. Intro to†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"A shift in a demand or supply curve occurs when a good s quantity demanded or supplied changes even though price remains the same† (Heakal, 2015), moving the line left or right. There are many different determinates that can effect a shift. If there is a shift in the demand curve, then it Intro to Economics 4 may be caused by â€Å"preferences, new information, fear, hope governmental interference† (O sullivan, Shefferin, Perez, 2014). Factors that could cause a supply shift are â€Å"war, natural disasters, governmental interferences, and shortages of inputs† (O sullivan, Shefferin, Perez, 2014). Back in August of 2005 hurricane Katrina caused one hundred billion dollars in damage. Understanding shifts in supply and demand is important to know because you must know what may cause a change in the demand and supply. However, sometimes the equilibrium is not at the point where the supply and demand curves intersect. When this happens two things may happen, a market shortage, or a market surplus. A market surplus is an excess in supply, in other words the â€Å"quantity supplied exceeds the quantity demanded† (O sullivan, Shefferin, Perez, 2014). In contrast, a market shortage may also occur. This is the exact opposite of a market surplus where there is an excess in demand. This can be important to understand because these can drastically effect the quantity or price. Elasticity is another vital term that everyone should know. Elasticity can help aShow MoreRelatedMicroeconomics And Macroeconomics Of Microeconomics1565 Words   |  7 Pagesis the broader term, however within this, there are additional fields such as microeconomics and macroeconomics. The difference between microeconomics and macroeconomics is analogous to the human body and the individual cell that makes up the human body. Macroeconomics is involved with the wide lens aspect of society. In other words, macroeconomics focuses on the broader large scale economy of a society. Macroeconomics focuses on larger economic issues such as national employment rates, gross domesticRead MoreMicroeconomics And Macroeconomics Of Microeconomics Essay729 Words   |  3 Pagesof human decision in the midst of scarcity, contains the related studies of microeconomics and macroeconomics. These two studies focus on economics from differing scales, with microeconomics primarily concerned with the way individuals and commercial entities handle scarcity and macroeconomics concerned with the overall effect on nations and large economies. While both are related there are key differences. Microeconomics, or the study of how individuals agents in an economy make decisions in relationRead MoreThe Questions Macroeconomics / Microeconomics1458 Words   |  6 PagesPrinciples of Macroeconomics / Microeconomics Your Name:___Yurui Yao_____________________ Instructor: Jim Borer, MBA Homework Assignment #3 due by 11:59 PM on February 7 (100 points) Part 1: Answer the following multiple choice (MC) questions (you may highlight, bold, or enter a letter in the blank – 2 points each): 1. __D____ If the price of a sub sandwich increases by 2% and the quantity demanded falls by 5%, then there will be a. an increase in the price elasticity of demand. b. an increaseRead MoreThe Theory Of Macroeconomics And Microeconomics1634 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"pulled-off† (in an epithetical fashion) by corporations and how primordial edicts of macroeconomics and microeconomics should be conformed to. Firstly, what is economics? In the words of highly-acclaimed American economists, Steven D. Levitt Stephen J. Dubner-â€Å"Economics is, at root, the study of incentives, how people get what they want or need, especially when other people want of need the same thing†. Macroeconomics is a division of economics subsidizing on the structure and abnascentia of economicsRead MoreMicroeconomics : Principles Of Macroeconomics Essay1385 Words   |  6 PagesMacroeconomics 201 Principles of Macroeconomics Term Paper By Mitchell Wright I decided to write my paper on the economy America during the 1970s. I chose this time period because it seemed to really be a major shifting point in the country. Not only did the economy change drastically with a major recession, exports falling and interests rates sky rocketing, but it also changed the way Americans lived their lives. The oil crisis in the Middle East caused major gasoline shortages forcing AmericansRead MoreMicroeconomics Versus Macroeconomics Bus6101627 Words   |  7 PagesMicroeconomics versus Macroeconomics Economics for the Global Manager BUS610-1101C-02 Abstract I want to thank everyone for joining me today to review the effects of microeconomics and macroeconomics in conjunction with the healthcare industry. We will start with a brief introduction of what we will review, and then briefly hit on the subject matter in a bit more detail. â€Å"The world’s largest and most diverse economy currently faces the most severe economic challenges in a generation orRead MoreManagerial Economics : Microeconomics And Macroeconomics Essay838 Words   |  4 PagesThe purpose of the individual assignment is to read each chapter and then summarize the chapter. The first chapter summarized is chapter one. Managerial Economics uses microeconomics and macroeconomics principals to manage businesses. This analytical approach gives a logical aspect to management. Hopefully with a logical approach using economic theories this will enable managers to maximize managerial decision to increase profits. There are seven forces that can affect long-r un profitabilityRead MoreMicroeconomics/Macroeconomics Chapter 1 Questions and Answers5717 Words   |  23 Pagesrational decision maker changes the status quo if the expected marginal benefit is greater than the expected marginal cost. Use PowerPoint slides 20-21 for the following section Microeconomics and Macroeconomics †¢ Microeconomics: The study of individual economic choices (e.g., your economic behavior). †¢ Macroeconomics: The study of the performance of the economy as a whole, as measured, for example, by total production and employment. †¢ Economic fluctuations: The rise and fall of economic activityRead MoreSupply And Demand Concepts : Critical And Macroeconomics And Microeconomics Settings924 Words   |  4 Pagesand demand concepts are critical to the macroeconomic and microeconomics settings. This week’s assignment discusses a functional apartment management company in the city of Atlantis, which is dealing with factors of economic issues. When in perspective, the microeconomics concepts can be categorized by changes in the supply, demand and equilibrium. This is because all of these topics affect a small market in which the company operates. Normally, microeconomics applies to individual markets in whichRead MoreThe Analysis Of Savings Attitude Will Be Discussed From Two Approaches Macroeconomic And Microeconomic Essay928 Words   |  4 PagesThis section discusses some theories and models that highlights on savings. The analysis of savings attitude will be discussed from two approaches: macroec onomic and microeconomic (household) perspectives. The macroeconomic methodology concerns itself with the influence of economic indicators such as GDP growth rate, rate of inflation, money supply, interest rate, etc., on the saving rate in an economy. At the micro level, individual saving and consumption attitudes, particularly households, have

World War 1 Peace Conference - 1094 Words

Modern History Account for the different goals of the Big Three Allied leaders at the Paris Peace Conference The Paris Peace Conference took place in 1919 to set the peace terms for the defeated Central powers. Three men took charge called ‘The Big Three’ and they were President Woodrow Wilson of the United States, Prime Minister David Lloyd George of Great Britain and George Clemenceau of France. The Conference was initially planned as a pre-meeting to set the terms of what they were going to ask from Germany, but the pre-meeting quickly became the meeting where the decisions were made because they each had different ideas about what the terms of the treaty should be. â€Å"The Big Three† During the Paris peace conference†¦show more content†¦Poland to become an independent State with access to the sea - An independent Polish state should arise which should include the territories inhabited by indisputably Polish population, which should be assured a free and secure access to the sea 14. League of Nations to be set up – a general association of nations to be formed up for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political independence to small states Many people in Britain and France disagreed with his fourteen point plan. Wilson also created the League of Nations which was an intergovernmental organization. It was an organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace and that war never broke out again. Wilson demanded a fair treaty that created a League of Nations and allowed for self-determination of all minor states. Treaty of Versailles The meeting of the Treaty of Versailles The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace treaties at the end of World War 1. It took 6 months of negotiations at the Paris Peace Conference to conclude the peace Treaty which Germany had to accept or they will be invaded by the allies. Germany had to: * Return Alsace-Lorraine to France * Give Eupen and Malmedy to Belgium * Give up Sheleswig to Denmark * Give Danzig up to make it a free international city * Give WestShow MoreRelatedTreaty of Versailles was the End of World War I1731 Words   |  7 PagesAt the end of World War 1, all of the parties involved wanted to know what the terms of peace entailed for their country. To determine these details, the Paris Peace Conference, also known as the Versailles Peace Conference, was held in Versailles. The conference began in January 1919 and lasted until June 28 when the Treaty of Versailles was signed. Hundreds of allies and countries that fought in World War I were at the Paris Peace Conference to discuss the outcome of the war, although countriesRead MoreWorld War I And The Atomic Bomb1742 Words   |  7 PagesMAIN PARAGRAPHS 1. Introduction/briefly what it is 2. Exactly what it is (explain end of World War 2) 3. Reparations of Germany 4. Tensions with Soviet Union that led to cold war 5. Surrendering of Japan/ atomic bomb 6. Conclusion / overview of impacts PARAGRAPH 2- EXPLAIN WHAT IT WAS (WHAT IS THE POTSDAM CONFERENCE/HOW DOES IT RELATE TO WORLD WAR 2/WHAT WERE its GOALS) †¢ World war 2 left Europe in ruins (6) †¢ Allied powers defeated axis powers (6) o Allied- United States, Great Britain, SovietRead MoreDBQ 191065 Words   |  5 Pages In 1939 the world was plunged into World War II because of the Munich Agreement. The Munich Agreement was an agreement regarding the Sudetenland Crisis between the major powers of Europe after a conference held in Munich in Germany in 1938. The Sudetenland was an important region of Czechoslovakia. The Treaty of Versailles was the peace treaty created as a result of six months of negotiations at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, which put an official end to World War I between the AlliesRead MoreThe World s Understanding Of Human Rights990 Words   |  4 Pagesthat occurred in World War I and II that change the world’s understanding of human rights. I think the events that happened in the World War II is what made the world understand what human rights is. The world war started because of assassination of Archduke of Austria Hungary. Then the actual war started because Austria Hungary declared war on Serbia. The first world war I caused such a disaster such as failure of economic, failure of political and poverty. The Second World War II was worse thanRead MoreThe Ever Increasing Urgancy for World Peace1421 Words   |  6 Pagesviolent times in recorded history. There were over 98 million war related deaths, which is about six times the combined deaths of both the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Orwell conveys each of these killings as â€Å"one mind less, one world less.† World peace would be an important goal to work towards. Many wanted to achieve world peace, however, there were many different visions for how this could be accomplished. Despite the many anti-war actions that occurred during the previous centuries, the twentiethRead MoreThe Paris Peace Conference Of 19191202 Words   |  5 PagesOwen McManus Mrs. Shandera, Mrs. Swartz English 11 Pd.8, AP History Pd.1 10 February 2017 Creating More Problems The Paris Peace Conference of 1919 opened on the 18th of January, with delegations from all over the world attending to lay claim to their desires, or gain reparations for their sacrifices throughout the greatest war the world had ever been subject to. The big four countries at the negotiating table were the British under Lloyd George, the French led by Georges Clemenceau, The ItaliansRead MoreWorld War I And The Treaty Of Versailles1604 Words   |  7 PagesHave you ever wondered why World War II happened despite World War I being the war to end all wars? World War I lasted four years and was very gruesome. Much of the Western Front was destroyed and about 10 million people died. Germany ended the war by ceasing fire and making an armistice on November 11, 1918. The Allied Power had successfully defeated the Central Powers and America had accomplished their goal to end the war. After the surrender from Germany, the Allied Power met up to make a treatyRead MoreComments of the Germa n Delegation to the Paris Peace Conference 1919709 Words   |  3 Pagesthe Paris Peace Conference 1919 1. According to the authors of Germany’s complaint. The various provisions of the treaty hurt Germany’s economy by forcing Germany to accept full responsibility for the damages caused not only by the Germans but also by everyone associated with them and the damage that was caused. As stated in the article, Comments of the German Delegation to the Paris Peace Conference, 1919 President Wilson recognized in his speech of 1916 â€Å"no single fact caused the war, but thatRead MoreWoodrow Wilsons Fourteen Points on the Paris Peace Settlement931 Words   |  4 Pages1. Assess the impact of Woodrow Wilson’s fourteen points on the Paris Peace Settlement and determine whether Wilson was successful in his goals. The Paris of Peace conference was held on January 1919 in Versailles just right outside of Paris. Paris of Peace conference was called to establish reasonable terms to make peace with the countries after World War I. In that conference there was almost thirty nations that were participates. The â€Å"Big Four† were there as well, the big four consisted of GreatRead MoreThe Paris Peace Conference and Versailles Treaty Essay1565 Words   |  7 PagesFailure At the end of World War I (WWI), as with most wars, it was necessary to hold a peace conference and due to the number of countries involved in the war, this task was extremely imposing. The desired conclusion of this conference was world peace, but with approximately 75% of the world nations represented and each country having it’s own agenda, the search for peace was elusive because of a desire for vengeance. This vengeance may have set the stage for World War II. On January 12th, 1919

Compare How the Poets Express Their Perspective free essay sample

By the sun being personified as kind and old it creates an image in the readers mind of someone who will help their friend and they imagine that the sun will help bring their comrade back from near death. However, by the sun being personified as old it can suggest to the reader that the sun cannot help their friend, as older people are often unable to help others because they have to look after themselves. In front of this background the act of war and killing seems ridiculous. Mametz Wood also includes personification, and Sheers uses it to personify the Earth as a watchful guardian now the Earth stands sentinel. However, sentinel could also mean that the Earth is watching the human race to see if we are going to do more damage to it. Juxtaposition is used in Mametz Wood to show how disturbed Owen Sheers was. The socketed heads tilted back at an angle suggests that the soldiers could be laughing as their heads we tilted back, although it can show the violent death of the soldiers by their necks being broken, which causes them to die. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare How the Poets Express Their Perspective or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This shows the disturbance that has been created in Owen Sheers’ mind, and therefore it makes the reader to feel disturbed as well. Futility uses an oxymoron, woke once the clays of a cold star, to show Owens perspective that conflict is futile. Cold star is relating to the Earth however, a star is a ball of hot rock and therefore it cannot be cold. By using the oxymoron, Owen is saying the sun once woke up the Earth, so the sun can wake up his comrade. Mametz Wood shows another of Sheers’ perspective on conflict which is how he thinks war/conflict is futile and brutal. It is clear from the first stanza through the connotations of words that by calling the soldiers the wasted young Sheers thinks war is futile as he describes the dead soldiers as wasted. The use of wasted shows how Sheers thought the soldiers were innocent people whose lives were wasted by fighting in war. The connotations of certain words in â€Å"Futility† also show how Owen perceives conflict as pointless. The words sun connotes warmth and life, and is the center of the poem as the sun wakes up the Earth; however it is not waking up the injured comrade. In the last stanza, the word sleep is contrasted with words that mean wake such as woke. The connotations of words are important because they show how Owen thinks that war is pointless. The poet’s perspectives can be shown through structure and the use of the title. The title of Futility adds to Wilfred Owens perspective of conflict as Futility means pointless, so Owen is showing how he thinks war is pointless and worthless. The title of â€Å"Mametz Wood† is considered to be ironic because the â€Å"wood† is where all of the dead soldiers have been buried, so in a way the â€Å"wood† is a mass grave. Owen Sheers begins Mametz Wood off in the past tense which shows how the horror is still present in the lives of the people, and it also forces the reader to acknowledge what the discovery of the bones means. I think this shows how the past events are still being made aware of the present. â€Å"Futility opens with an instruction move him into the sun- and it is in the present tense, making the poem relevant and immediate. In the last stanza of Futility, the poem ends with a series of rhetorical questions full nerved, still warm, too hard to stir? Was it for this the clay grew tall? which shows that Owen was challenging the whole concept of war and is questioning himself. By questioning himself, Wilfred Owen impacts the reader by making them think about the answers to the questions asked. Rhetorical questions express how Owen perceives conflict as pointless. Punctuation in both poems is used to draw the readers attention to a certain point the poets are trying to make. Hyphens are used in both Futility and Mametz Wood to signal a pause for the readers to think. Mametz Wood uses a hyphen in the line for years afterwards the farmers found them - to let the reader pause and question who them refers to which expresses how Sheers perceives conflict as brutal, because it is clear that many young soldiers died fighting. In â€Å"Futility†, hyphens are also used to let the reader pause and think about what message Owen was trying convey, and they were used on the first line of both stanzas â€Å"move him into the sun -† and â€Å"think how it wakes the seeds –â€Å". Owen uses half rhymes through Futility which give a disconcerting tone to the poem, sun/sown and once/France show this. The use of the half rhymes shows how Owen expresses his perspective that conflict is wrong. Mametz Wood only has two cases of rhyme, the rhyming of gun and run in the third stanza, and in the last stanza sung and tongues. The only two uses of rhyme could suggest that Sheers has had an epiphany at that moment in time. Through this, the reader discovers Sheers perception of conflict which is how he felt disturbed. In conclusion, both poems clearly express the perspective of the poets through lots of different techniques. I personally believe that Futility is more successful in expressing how Owen perceives conflict as futile, however, Mametz Wood creates powerful images that display the brutality of conflict and how Sheers views conflict as brutal.

Water On The Moon Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Water On The Moon Essay, Research Paper Abstract The Pentagon announced on December 3rd, 1996 that dataacquired by the Clementine ballistic capsule indicates that thereis ice in the underside of a crater on the Moon. Located onthe Moon # 8217 ; s South Pole it was discovered with radio detection and ranging informations. Introduction # 8220 ; The Deep Space Program Science Experiment ( DSPSE ) , thefirst of a series of Clementine engineering demonstrationsjointly sponsored by the Ballistic Missile DefenseOrganization ( BMDO ) and the National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration ( NASA ) , launched in early 1994. It # 8217 ; sprinciple aim is to infinite measure up lightweight imagingsensors and constituent engineerings for the following generationof Department of Defense ( DoD ) spacecraft. # 8221 ; ( Sweeney, 1998 ) The Clementine mission uses the Moon, a neat-Earth asteroid, and the ballistic capsule # 8217 ; s Interstage Adapter ( ISA ) as marks todemonstrate lightweight constituent and detector public presentation . As a secondary mission, Clementine returns valuable informations ofinterest to the international civilian scientific sector. It represents a new category of little, low cost, and highlycapable ballistic capsule that to the full embrace emerging lightweighttechnologies to enable a series of long continuance deep spacemissions. We will write a custom essay sample on Water On The Moon Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Background: The Clementine Spacecraft: The BDMO assignedresponsibility for the Clementine ballistic capsule design, industry, integrating, and mission executing to the NavalResearch Laboratory ( NRL ) . Clementine launched on a TitanIIG expendable launch vehicle from Vandenburg Air Force Baseinto Low Earth Orbit in January 1994. During its two monthorbit of the Moon it captured 1.8 million images of theMoons surface. The Lunar Prospector: After the find of thepossibility of H2O on the Moon, plans such as NASA andDSPSE began work on an extended undertaking called the LunarProspector. The Lunar Prospector is designed for low polarorbit probe of the Moon, including mapping ofsurface composing and possible polar ice sedimentations, measurings of magnetic and gravitation Fieldss, and survey oflunar outgassing events. Datas from the 1 to 3 twelvemonth missionwill allow building of a elaborate map of the surfacecomposition of the Moon, and will better our understandingof the beginning, dev elopment, current province, and resources ofthe Moon. The ballistic capsule is a graphite-epoxy membranophone, 1.4meters in diameter and 1.22 metres high with three radialinstrument roars. There is no on-board computing machine, groundcommand is through a 3.6 kbps ( kilo bytes per second ) telemetry nexus. Entire mission cost is about $ 63 million. After launch, the Lunar Prospector had a 105 sail to theMoon, followed by interpolation into a near-circular 100 kmaltitude lunar polar orbit with a period of 118 proceedingss. The nominal mission continuance is one twelvemonth. A two yearextended mission following this is possible, during whichthe orbit will be lowered to 50km and so 10km height toobtain higher declaration measurings. On March 5th, 1998: On March 5th, 1998, it was announced that informations returnedby the Lunar Prospector ballistic capsule indicated that H2O iceis nowadays at both north and south lunar poles, in agreementwith Clementine consequences for the south pole r eported inNovember 1996. The ice originally appeared to be assorted inwith the lunar regolith ( surface stones, dirt and dust ) atlow concentrations cautiously estimated at 0.3 to 1percent. The ice was thought to be spread over 10,000 to50,000 square kilometres of country near the north pole and5,000 to 20,000 square kilometres around the south pole, butthe latest consequences show the H2O may be concentrated inlocalized countries instead than being spread out over theselarge parts. The estimated entire volume of ice is 6trillion kilogram. Uncertainties in the theoretical accounts mean this estimatecould be off well. How was the ice detected: The Lunar Prospector, a NASADiscovery mission, included a experiment called the NeutronSpectrometer. This experiment is designed to observe minuteamounts of H2O ice at a degree less than 0.01 % . Theinstrument concentrated on countries near the lunar poles whereit was thought these H2O ice sedimentations might be found. The Neutron Spectrometer looks for alleged # 8220 ; decelerate # 8221 ; ( or thermal ) and # 8220 ; intermediate # 8221 ; ( or epithermal neutrons ) which resultfrom hits of normal # 8220 ; fast† neutrons with hydrogenatoms. A significant amount of hydrogen would indicate theexistence of water. The data showed a distinctive 4.6percent signature over the north polar region and a 3.0percent signature over the south, a strong indication thatwater is present in both these areas. How can ice survive on the moon: The moon has no atmosphere, any substance on the lunarsurface is exposed directly to vacuum. For water ice, thismeans it will rapidly sublime directly into water vapor andescape into space, as the Moon’s low gravity cannot hold gasfor any appreciable time. Over the course of a lunar day(29 Earth days), all regions of the moon are exposed tosunlight, and the temperature of the moon in direct sunlightreaches about 395 degrees K (or 250 degrees above F). Soany ice exposed to sunlight for even a short time would belost. The only way for ice to exist on the Moon would be ina permanently shadowed area. The Clementine imaging experiment showed that suchperman ently shadowed areas do exist in the bottom of deepcrater near the Moon’s south pole. In fact, it appears thatapproximately 6000 to 15,000 square km of area around thesouth pole is permanently shadowed. Much of the area aroundthe south pole is within the South Pole-Aitken Basin (shownabove with large arrow pointing to it), a giant impactcrater 2500km in diameter and 12 km deep at its lowestpoint. Any water ice at the bottom of the craters couldprobably exist for billions of years. Where did the ice come from: The Moon’s surface is continuously bombarded bymeteorites and micrometeorites. Many, if not most, of theseimpactors contain water ice, and the lunar craters show thatmany of these were very large objects. Any ice whichsurvived impact would be scattered over the lunar surface. Most would quickly vaporize by sunlight and lost to space,but some would end up inside the permanently shadowedcraters, either by directly entering the crater or migratingover the surface as randomly moving individual moleculeswhich would reach the craters and freeze there. Once insidethe crater, the ice would be relatively stable, so over timethe ice would collect these â€Å"cold traps†, and be buried tosome extent by meteoritic gardening. Such a possibility wassuggested as early as 1961 (Watson, 1961). However, loss ofice due to photodissociation, solar wind sputtering, andmicrometeoroid gardening is not well quantified (Arnold,1996).Discussion and Summary:Is there any other evidence for ice? Arecibo regions seem to indicate that water ice is the mostlikely possibility. However, Arecibo radio telescopestudies using the same radio frequency as Clementine showedsimilar reflection patterns from areas which are notpermanently shadowed. These reflections have beeninterpreted as being due to rough surfaces, and it wassuggested that the Clementine results may have been due toroughness, rather than water ice, as well. Why is ice on the Moon important: This ice could r epresent relatively pristine cometaryor asteroid material which has existed on the Moon formillions or billions of years. A robotic sample returnmission should bring ice back to Earth for study, perhapsfollowed by a human mission for more detailed sampling. Thesimple fact that the ice is there will help scientistconstrain models of impacts on the lunar surface and theeffects of meteorite gardening, photodissociation, and solarwind sputtering on the Moon. Beyond the scientificallyintriguing aspects, deposits of ice on the Moon would havemany practical aspects for future manned lunar exploration. There is no source of water on the Moon, and shipping waterto the Moon for use by humans would be extremely expensive($2,000 to $20,000 per kg). The lunar water could alsoserve as a source of oxygen, another vital material notreadily found on the Moon, and hydrogen, which could be usedas rocket fuel. Paul Spudis, one of the scientist who tookpart in the Clementine study, referred to the lunar icedeposits as possibly â€Å"the most valuable piece of real estatein the solar system†. It appears that in addition to thepermanently shadowed areas there are some higher areas suchas crater rims which are permanently exposed to sunlight andcould serve as a source of power for future missions.

Role of Law essays

Role of Law essays Over time man has evolved from an uncivilized primates to a technological driven working machine, but that evolution could not have occurred without law. Law gives the backbone a society needs to flourish in a civilized and more or less positive way. Although laws in most societies are not perfect, they keep society members in check and prevent chaos from running amok. In this paper the six major roles and functions of law will be discussed including peacekeeping, checking government power, facilitating planning, promoting economic growth, promoting social justice, and finally protecting the environment. (Mallor, Barnes, Bowers, Peacekeeping is the centerpiece of law through criminal and civil law branches. When people think of law they typically think of the criminal case side, which has the government as the prosecutor and another entity as the defendant. It involves the defendant being charged with breaking a law predefined by the controlling society. This is an important part of law, as the society must provide a safe environment for its citizens, so those found breaking accepted laws of the society must be punished accordingly. Without this process citizens would be overly concerned (quite possibly warranted) about their personal safety or the safety of their business. The civil section of peacekeeping is a conflict between two private citizens, whereas the citizens can be businesses or people. The citizens can use the court forum to settle disputes that they cannot overcome without intervention. Although these disputes may not be violent in context it is still a method of peacekeeping that would not be possible without law. Checking governmental power is a complicated yet important matter for law. Lord Acton had it right when he said, Power tends to corrupt and absolute power corrupts absolutely and keeping that in mind a society must have checks and balances on its l ...

The Anthropos Family

The Anthropos Family The Anthropos Family The Anthropos Family By Mark Nichol The Greek noun anthropos, meaning â€Å"male human being† or â€Å"man,† is the root of some familiar and not-so-familiar English words, which are listed and defined below. The best known of these are likely anthropology, which literally means â€Å"the study of humans† and refers to just that- especially in a cultural and social context (and, in a distinct theological sense, to their nature and origin)- and philanthropy (literally, â€Å"love for man†) which pertains generally to promoting the welfare of humans but usually is employed in contexts in which funding or gifts is provided for humanitarian purposes (or for cultural enrichment). The adjectival forms are anthropological and philanthropic, respectively, and those who practice such endeavors are anthropologists and philanthropists. A misanthrope, meanwhile, is unlikely to undertake either one pursuit; a misanthropic person (who practices misanthropy) has contempt or hatred for humans. Apanthropy, meanwhile, refers to the love of solitude or an aversion to human interaction. Anthropic means â€Å"relating to humans or to their time on Earth†; the term is part of the phrase â€Å"anthropic principle,† which refers to the belief that the universe, from the subatomic level to the scale of galaxies, was designed with humans in mind, though the conditions that make human life possible also make all known life-forms possible. (This is also known as the strong anthropic principle, to distinguish it from the weak anthropic principle, which reasons that this idea was able to be formulated only because a life-friendly universe allows sentient minds to observe and reflect on it.) The phenomenon of ascribing human attributes or forms to nonhumans, whether animals, gods, or objects, or to nature, is anthropomorphism (literally, â€Å"the idea of human form†). Cartoon characters who display human characteristics, therefore, are anthropomorphic. Anthropathy (literally, â€Å"human feelings†), meanwhile, is a related concept: that divine beings have emotions. An anthropoid is a primate that more or less resembles a human being, though the term has also been used pejoratively to describe people of inferior breeding or intelligence. On a related note, pithecanthropus (â€Å"ape man†) is the label for one of two extinct anthropoid species. Zoanthropy is a mental disorder in which a person believes that he or she has become an animal and behaves like one; lycanthropy originally referred to a delusion that one is a wolf, though it usually is associated with werewolf folklore. Anthropophagy (â€Å"man eating†) is a fancy synonym for cannibalism. (One who practices cannibalism is anthropophagous.) Anthropolatry is deification or worship of a human. By contrast, psilanthropism (â€Å"the idea of being a mere human†) is a rejection of the divinity of Jesus. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:10 Rules for Writing Numbers and Numerals34 Writing Tips That Will Make You a Better Writer10 Functions of the Comma

Consumerism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Consumerism - Essay Example The continuously expanding capitalism commercial culture spoils everything, marginalizing religious life, civic life and family life, and turning citizens to mere consumers whose personal market choice avails to them what they want but fails to avail of them what they want to vent. This paper aims at discussing and analyzing the argument contained in Consumed: How Markets Corrupt Children, Infantilize Adults, and Swallow Citizens Whole by Benjamin R. Barber. The author of this book is a well known political theorist who has over the years been writing many materials about how the civil society is deteriorating. He also gives recommendations on how the initial state of the civil society can be reclaimed. He believes that there was a time in history when capitalism had virtues that had positive contributions to citizenship, responsibility, and democracy. Currently capitalism is tainted with the vices that encourage consumerism, while on the other hand undermining citizenship, responsib ility, and democracy. He states that in the current world capitalism and democracy do not come together. Previously, capitalism worked under the protestant work ethic. Under this ethic, capitalism was dependable, restrained, responsible, hardworking, and forward thinking. This enabled distribution of resources and meeting of human needs. During later days, capitalism had all human needs met thus capitalism ended up consuming itself (Barber 67). Because capitalism had to keep growing, consumer market had to keep selling. Despite the fact that many citizens did not have their basic needs met, capitalism still chose to ignore them. Instead, they made consumers want the products that were already over supplied. There are two possible results of this. First consumers of the oversupplied products are targeted. Second non-consumers of the available products are manipulated into wanting the oversupplied products. For instance, game producers target children while at the same time preventing adults from growing up, so that they would continue consuming their products. This can be done by making adults believe that games were made for them too. This way, adults are manipulated into wanting to use these products. Barber’s argument holds some truth in it. Consumers always get themselves wanting to buy some products. This happens regardless of whether they need it, or if they can afford. When a producer introduces a new product, they make consumers believe that they need it, and that the price is affordable (Barber 112). For example, Apple announces the introduction of a new iPod. Consumers of the same find themselves wanting to purchase this particular product even if they might be having a product that serves the same purpose. Despite the possibility of the iPod not making any difference in the lives of the citizens, they still buy it believing that they need it just as the producers claim. The book also tends to depict the constant creation of supposed human need s that have led to the creation of an infantilists’ ethos that interferes with people’s ability to be good citizens. When people identify themselves as consumers or individuals instead of a constituent of a political organization, people tend to forget that they should be thinking of the collective benefit of the whole community. A common observation in America is that there is pressure mounting on children to mature at a fast rate in order to be consumers. On the other hand, producers are trying hard to

English literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

English literature - Essay Example Cinderella is the hero in this case with her character changing from a poor and plain woman to a rich and powerful princess. She starts from a very cruel point of treatment especially by her stepfamily. In the story, Cinderella is a woman of reliance, employing her integrity to succeed in life. Even after the death of her real mother and father, she has to survive, but her survival if full of human virtues such being kind and gentle The story starts with a widower, Cinderella’s father, who had married a woman characterized by proud and arrogance among other vises. This woman became Cinderella’s father’s second wife. The woman had two daughters who like herself, the two daughters practiced human vises. Hardly did Cinderella’s father know that he was bringing trouble to his home and more specifically to his beautiful daughter. The man had had a beautiful daughter through his first wife, who by now had passed on. This girl in contrary to the two stepdaughters was full of goodness, kind heart, and sweet temper. This girl was Cinderella. Now that her mother had died, she had no one to lean on other than her father. She was strongly missing the gentle care and love of a mother, which her father could hardly provide to her (Anderson, pg.58). In order to survive, Cinderella had to adopt the prevailing situations of hatred and hard work. She was not used to such difficult times but she had to apply her integrity to the situation Problems hardly ended with her tough daily chores. After hard day of work, Cinderella would then return to her room, now a barren and cold room. She would have nothing to do or anyone to talk to other than curling herself near the fire place as she tried to get worm. Her stay close to the fire point in her lonely room made her arise covered in dirt and cinders. The case of cinder caused her nickname, â€Å"Cinderella.† She however protected her stepfamily from the anger of her father. She knew that her stepmoth er and her step sisters were ill-mannered but she was always kind to them. She only decided to adapt to their commands and mistreatments towards her. She was only hopeful that a time shall come when she shall have some freedom and be able to live by herself. No matter how long it takes, she shall be alright (Erhard, Jensen and Zaffron). What seems to be a turning point to her life happened when the Prince decided to invite all the young ladies within his land to a ball. The prince was planning to select a beautiful wife of choice from these ladies. Without her knowledge, the stepsisters gleefully decided to plan their wardrobes for this ball. To turn her back, the two stepsisters told Cinderella that maids were hardly allowed to attend the ball since they could hardly be invited. Cinderella also had to adapt this situation, but this time, she felt great pain that made her cry painfully. Miraculously, her Fairly Godmother appeared to her. The Fairly Godmother started to transform Cin derella to the young lady she was from her immediate condition of being a house servant. This transformation was done in order to get her to the ball just like any other girl. She now gained much power that she could even change a pumpkin into not only a carriage, but a golden carriage. She also turned mice into horses, lizards to footmen, and a rat to a coach man. The

Education Is the Most Important Thing Essay Example for Free

Education Is the Most Important Thing Essay Education is the most important thing we can offer to our children and the generations to come, yet it is one of the topics that we struggle with the most. With the choices between local, state and federal authorities, who should have control over education? It is my belief that the control should lie with the federal authorities because they are able to maintain a complete situational picture over all the states. Many of our founding fathers of the United States feared that leaving education in the hands of private families, churches, local communities or philanthropic societies would not guarantee the survival of a democracy. (Pulliam Van Patten, 2007, p. 122). In this paper I am going to defend my opinion of why the federal authorities should have control of education. How programs they have developed have flourished, and even how some of their programs could be run better. I currently serve as an instructor for the Navy teaching junior Sailors how to do their job better thus protecting the ship for harm, however; I am not the only one who teaches these classes, so to ensure that all Sailors are taught the same information all of our learning sites fall under one controlling entity. The education of our youth should be run the same, and if education was to be allowed to be completely run by local or even state entities, then the education opportunities may not be the same throughout the cities and even states. One of the best programs I have seen is the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2002. NCBL is a United States Act of Congress that was originally proposed by the administration of President George W. Bush immediately after taking office. The House of Representatives passed the bill on May 23, 2001, and United States Senate passed it on June 14, 2001. President Bush signed it into law on January 8, 2002. NCLB is the latest federal legislation that enacts the theories of standards-based education reform, which is based on the belief that setting high standards and establishing measurable goals can improve individual outcomes in education. The Act requires states to develop assessments in basic skills to be given to all students in certain grades, if those sta tes are to receive federal funding for schools. The Act does not assert a national achievement standard; standards are set by each individual state.(â€Å"No Child Left Behind Act of 2001â€Å", 2006) Not only does the NCLB Act standardize learning for the students it also is used for standardization of teacher qualifications. For decades, local policymakers and school officials turned a blind eye to a set  of vexing problems in public education. In practice, there was a situational definition of teacher quality. No one thought anything about, as one principal said, scheduling a physical education teacher to fill in for one class of history. It was a common practice for middle school principals to employ elementary certified teachers because it provided the principals maximum flexibility in assigning teachers to classes, whether or not the teachers were qualified to teach those classes. (Hayes , 2003) As stated earlier, I believe that all children should not only have the same opportunity to get an education, but should also be entitled to the same education as every other child. If control of our educational system was given to the local or even state authorities this would probably not be the case as each state would want to do it â€Å"their way†. The No Child Left Behind Act ensures that all children no matter race, religion, or financial status is given the same opportunities for education, and educated children are our future. References: Hayes , M. (2003). NCLB: Conspiracy, Compliance, or Creativity?. Retrieved from http://www.middleweb.com/HMnclb.html No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. (2006). Retrieved from http://www2.ed.gov/news/pressreleases/2006/02/02062006.html Pulliam, J. D., Van Patten, J. J. (2007). History of Education in American (9th Edition). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Columbus, Ohio.

Americas New War Essay -- Middle East September 11 Terrorism Essays

America's New War The events of September 11th, 2001 will influence the lives of American's for years to come. Some American's will never fly on a commercial airliner again while others feel unsafe in their usual daily routine. Our country has felt a mix of emotions as the war on terrorism begins to unfold across the globe in Afghanistan. Yet I believe that a war on ignorance is about to unfold on our own soil. After the attacks the national news reports were filled with stories about Americans of Middle Eastern decent being targets for hat crimes and unnecessary violence. At this point in time, Americans of every gender, race and religion need to focus on who are nations true enemies are. The attacks on America left me with a mix of emotions and unanswerable questions. I went to sleep on September 11th feeling unsettled. However in the days to follow I felt angered watching the news reports about how ignorant American's had been acting towards citizens of Middle Eastern descent. One news report that I recall vividly was about a West Bloomfield restaurant. Someone had claimed that when the news began to show actual pictures of the attacks on the World Trade Center customers and staff began to cheer. The story escalated and numerous rumors circulated the community and within a few days the Middle Eastern restaurant had little to no business. The owner was on the news stating that there were no celebrations within his restaurant and he wanted to show the surveillance videos from that day to show the city that this was all a lie. What I find even more frustrating is the ignorance that U.S. Representative John Cooksey displayed by his comments about Muslims and Arab Ameri cans after the terrioist attacks. Cooksey stated to a ... ...rty I had been to. I even learned to do a few traditional Arabic dances and tried some new Arabic food. I am fortunate to have experienced different aspects of a few Middle Eastern cultures. Over the last few years I have learned about so many different aspects of Middle Eastern culture so now uninformed American's ideas about Arab's and Muslim's frustrate me. After such a tragedy as the recent terrorist attacks I hope that fellows American's will take it upon themselves to end this hatred that has surfaced. It's shallow to treat someone differently because they wear a turban or own a party store. American's should spend less time worrying about who's Arabic and focusing on what makes someone Arabic and accepting that. At this time American's of all cultural backgrounds should unite together and stop the ignorance that is present in our American culture today.

Academic excellence is the only way to success Essay

What is academic excellence about? Is it how many marks we get? Or is it the number of competitions we win? It is much more than that. We often say that getting good marks is what academic excellence is about, but no it is the process of education we go through. From learning ABC in kindergarten we go to learning History, Science, Maths and more in higher grades. This process of academic excellence gives us the potential to be a good human being. It provides us with the strong base of knowledge we require to build our building of life. The process and excellence provides us with the skill to sculpt our life the way we want it to be, to help us shape it and decide what we want in life. It teaches us to use this skill and knowledge by pushing our limits further by working hard in the direction of the goal. This hard work helps us to climb the stairs of success. The knowledge base, skill and hard work talk about our inner selves. Here comes the topic of our outer selves. The outer self is what we show to others around us. We improve it when we work as a team. Learning teamwork helps us achieve more as in our future the jobs we do depend on teamwork. Working with others a increases our ethics as we interact with others and it also teaches us to communicate politely and properly, also the process of academics prepares us for the competitive life ahead. On completing this process the certificate of excellence or degree we get on completing our education. That degree is the first impression we give to our interviewers on applying for a job. And in today’s world people who achieve academic excellence are respected and idolised. Some may say that the great men of our like Bill Gates and Steve Jobs did not achieve academic excellence. But such examples we can count on our fingers. Such people are one in a million. What about the rest of the world? The worldwide population is crossing 7 billion, what about those people? They would not be able to achieve anything in their lives without academic excellence. Concluding my debate here I fell that ‘’Academic excellence is success in itself’’.

Saving Someone’s Life As A Heroic Act

Saving someone’s life is always looked upon as a heroic. It is acceptable for society to ridicule us should we choose not to respond? Should society throw shame and guilt on us? If in the process of saving someone’s life we loose ours, we did a heroic act, but is that wise? Saving someone else life is a heroic act and deserve a lot of praise and respect. If one person tries to save the life of another person on the cost of his own life then this is a very noble act. Though in our society there are people of every thought and not everyone will appreciate this act, however, we should not see what people say about it. When one person is in very difficult situation that it can cost his life, then we should put our all efforts to save the life of a person. It is our moral responsibility as well as brotherhood. We must understand the situation while thinking that suppose if we would be in such a tough and difficult situation we would like someone to come and save us then it is of utmost importance that we should give our full support to such a person. The question that ‘whether we’ll loose our life in saving other person’s life? ’ remains controversial. As it is not necessary that we will loose ours but of course there are chances that we can loose our own life in an attempt to save other’s life. However, this is the main point of nobility to prefer others over our own self. This is the reason that it is said to be the heroic act. In saving other person’s life society may ridicule us because we took risk of our own life to save other person’s life. But we should always ignore what people say about this. We must not respond to the irritating remarks. Instead, society should always encourage these noble acts and must not blame or throw shame on others. The real essence of our life is to help out others in all possible circumstances. We must prefer and give value to others over our own-self. Hence, this is not the act of shame, but it is a dignified act and has a noble cause. It is not reasonable that society must ridicule us. In fact, ridiculing such a noble act is itself an act of disgrace. We must have enough courage to think of every individual as an important being. Such act also involves immediate thinking and taking decision to save other person from danger. If all society will turn to be more self-fish and refrain from saving others in time of danger then this is a dishonor. For example, if we see a car accident and if we see driver can be pulled out of the car before it goes on flames then we must immediately do it. Though it bears the risk that car will blow-off and anyone standing nearby will blow-off too, but refraining to help driver out will be a selfish act. The decision that whether we should risk our lives or whether we should let other person die is an important one. Nevertheless, the wisdom lies behind the fact that we must put our all efforts to save other person as we might seek when our own life will be in danger. Though it will involve taking risk of our own lives but still we should do our best to save others. This is the act of great generosity and nobility. A dying person always seeks help from others and wants others to save his life. This is our moral duty to save other person. The wisdom behind this act is that we must give preference to others over our own self and secondly we must help others in a way that we seek from others.

How To Write A Concert Review

How To Write A Concert Review Amazing Concert Review: How to Start? Reviews are probably the most casual types of written assignments because they combine both: reporting on an issue and providing your own opinion. Its main goal is to evaluate and provide information on the regular events: shopping at the mall and judging the quality of items, watching a movie or reading a new book. Every time we do something we judge people, atmosphere or plot even without noticing it. Luckily, reviews are so different in shapes and topics that they don’t have a common structure. There are many genres that students may choose: evaluating musicals, movies, books, TV shows, places and much more! However, the main goal remains the same: to give an evaluation of the chosen topic. It may seem quite a simple task to provide your own ideas and judgments on the topic. Although there are still many rules that you should follow, all of the claims must be supported with evidence. It is not simply an interpretation of the topic but also arguments-based research on the chosen issue.   You need to make the reader believe your point of view. Concert review is not the most common assignment students may get. You should describe not only musicians but also evaluate location, time, atmosphere and even response of the audience. In addition, you need to compare the chosen concert with other concerts to give readers a broader picture of the topic. If you have troubles writing a concert review or it is actually your first review of such kind, go on reading, and we will give you all the tips you should know for a great result! Understanding Background Knowledge of Your Audience To write a catchy and interesting review, you should not only provide a chronology of events but also analyze the musical genre, have a solid understanding of the theory and various musical styles. Another important element before getting started is to know your audience. For example, if you are writing for teenagers, you need to concentrate on describing the performers: their outlook, behavior, dialogues and so on. However, if you write the review for your teachers, it is better to write about the composition, plot, engaged interests, and expression to show how well you have mastered the genre. What Does Your Audience Want to Know? In most cases, readers are interested in getting the general picture of the concert and its impact on the writer. However, if you are writing for people, who have a deep understanding and interest of musical genres, pedagogy, and instruments, don’t forget to include those details to your review. If you are writing for an audience that is interested in technical aspects, write about the scene, location, light, sound, and other important details. However, there are things which all of the readers not depending on their interests are willing to know: whether the instruments were appropriate for the piece, how the audience reacted and so on. Your Writing Style Information you provide is not the only thing that matters. You should be equally attentive to the way you express your ideas in order to engage the reader. When writing a concert review, you should be both formal and informal. Try to avoid personal pronouns, like ‘I,’ ‘you’ and ‘your’: they always show that you are subjective on the topic and the readers may doubt whether your opinion should be trusted. In addition, if you want to make your review professional and catchy, you need to avoid clichà ©s and general terms, like ‘interesting.’ Try to find synonyms instead, for example, ‘appealing’ or ‘outstanding.’ How to Write a Remarkable Concert Review? If you want to get a high grade and to engage the reader, understanding music and listening to various concerts is a must. Your ability to put impression into words is one of the key features you need to master if you expect a great result. Writing a concert review consists of two stages: on the first one you need to attend the event or listen to the audio, and on the second you need to write everything down.   Below we have collected all of the stages and elements you need to include to your concert review. Stages of Pre-writing Carefully Read Guidelines Concert review is quite a vivid assignment, so greatly depends on circumstances and requirements. For example, if you are writing for a teacher, you need to follow a particular formatting style and to make sure to include all of the required elements. However, if you are writing a paper article, it is important to know the audience. Get the Tickets Beforehand To make sure that you get the best seats, from where the scene and performers will be clearly seen, it is better to buy the tickets well in advance. Make Notes During the Concert This is one of the most challenging but yet important stages because the quality of your review greatly depends on how well you will write down all of the important details. Remember, you need to pay attention not only to the concert itself but also to the time and location, clothes of musicians, lighting, general atmosphere and much more. You can also make notes on the dialogues on stage and among visitors. Write Down Performed Compositions It is important to provide readers with information on what compositions made up the concert. If you miss any of the pieces, it is better to contact concert managers and to get a list of the compositions that were played. Later in your text, you can tell which of them you liked more and why. Tell About the Musicians You need to write down your impressions from performers. Where they good or bad? However, back your opinion with reasons why you consider performers good, average or bad. Make notes whether performers shared powerful energy with the audience. Don’t forget to notice gestures, mimics and other important details on stage. Additionally, concentrate on the leading singers: were they confident? How well did they interact with the audience? Did they use all space on stage? Examine the Audience It is a well-known fact that part of the performance depends on how well the audience responds. Of course, you need to focus on musicians, but there is also a need to notice the mood of the audience. Not depending on the goal of your concert review, your readers will be interested in the concert atmosphere, so make notes on the audience, its quantity, age and response to the concert. Writing Stage The second stage starts right after you leave the concert and must contain the following elements: Introduction In the first part of your review, you need to provide all of the important details considering the concert - for example, its title and date, venue, names of musicians and ensembles. You can also give details on the location to provide readers with a broader picture. This is especially important for readers, who are not familiar with the area. You also need to mention whether the concert took place in the evening or at night. Description Main paragraphs of your review must contain a description of various compositions that were played during the concert. Here is when your notes come in hand. Devote a separate paragraph to every composition or aspect you want to highlight. The format of your description greatly depends on the musical genre, but you should still mention composition’s title, name of the composer and information on the audience’s reaction on the discussed piece. Evaluation Evaluation section is the heart of your review because it contains your personal opinion based on the information you have provided in the previous body paragraphs. Here you should tell readers about the general experience of the concert. Tell the audience whether it was worth seeing or not. What made it different from other similar events? Here you can also include information about musicians, interesting facts, history and so on. In this part, you must provide both positive and negative thoughts on the performance. Was there anything that the concert lacked? What things could improve the show? In the evaluation section, you should also tell about the audience’s response. What songs or musicians got more applauds? Don’t forget to evaluate the organization of the event. It is also important to tell about the quality of music and sound, as well as of musical instruments. You can also compare the live and the studio versions: were they very different? Which one was better? Conclusion The closing paragraph of your review must be a summary of your experience and impression of the concert. In this section, you can mention whether the concert met your expectations. Remember that conclusion is for summarizing and not for providing any new information and details. Closing Thoughts Writing a concert review is quite different from other writing assignments, and it may take lots of time and preparation. Your main goal is to experience different emotions and then to render them to your target audience. If you want to create a great review, it is important to have a deep understanding of music and to understand format peculiarities. Hopefully, the tips above will be of great help!

Understanding Relative Frequency Histograms

Understanding Relative Frequency Histograms In statistics, there are many terms that have subtle distinctions between them. One example of this is the difference between frequency and relative frequency. Although there are many uses for relative frequencies, there is one in particular that involves a relative frequency histogram. This is a type of graph that has connections to other topics in statistics and mathematical statistics. Definition Histograms are statistical graphs that look like bar graphs. Typically, however, the term histogram is reserved for quantitative variables. The horizontal axis of a histogram is a number line containing classes or bins of uniform length. These bins are intervals of a number line where data can fall and can consist of a single number (typically for discrete data sets that are relatively small) or a range of values (for larger discrete data sets and continuous data). For example, we may be interested in considering the distribution of scores on a 50 point quiz for a class of students. One possible way to construct the bins would be to have a different bin for every 10 points. The vertical axis of a histogram represents the count or frequency that a data value occurs in each of the bins. The higher the bar is, the more data values fall into this range of bin values. To return to our example, if we there are five students who scored more than 40 points on the quiz, then the bar corresponding to the 40 to 50 bin will be five units high. Frequency Histogram Comparison A relative frequency histogram is a minor modification of a typical frequency histogram. Rather than using a vertical axis for the count of data values that fall into a given bin, we use this axis to represent the overall proportion of data values that fall into this bin. Since 100% 1, all bars must have a height from 0 to 1. Furthermore, the heights of all of the bars in our relative frequency histogram must sum to 1. Thus, in the running example that we have been looking at, suppose that there are 25 students in our class and five have scored more than 40 points. Rather than constructing a bar of height five for this bin, we would have a bar of height 5/25 0.2. Comparing a histogram to a relative frequency histogram, each with the same bins, we will notice something. The overall shape of the histograms will be identical. A relative frequency histogram does not emphasize the overall counts in each bin.  Instead, this type of graph focuses on how the number of data values in the bin relates to the other bins.  The way that it shows this relationship is by percentages of the total number of data values. Probability Mass Functions We may wonder what the point is in defining a relative frequency histogram. One key application pertains to discrete random variables where our bins are of width one and are centered about each nonnegative integer. In this case, we can define a piecewise function with values corresponding to the vertical heights of the bars in our relative frequency histogram. This type of function is called a probability mass function. The reason for constructing the function in this way is that the curve that is defined by the function has a direct connection to probability. The area underneath the curve from the values a to b is the probability that the random variable has a value from a to b. The connection between probability and area under the curve is one that shows up repeatedly in mathematical statistics. Using a probability mass function to model a relative frequency histogram is another such connection.

Managing absenteeism in the work place - meat industry. Methods for Dissertation

Managing absenteeism in the work place - meat industry. Methods for reducing absenteeism - Dissertation Example 128). Qualitative methods can be characterised as â€Å"interpretative†, â€Å"subjective† and â€Å"introspective† and the research findings are not conclusive or representative of the population of interest to the researcher due to small sample sizes. Nevertheless, qualitative research is often used as an â€Å"exploratory tool† (McDaniel & Gates, 2007, p. 130) gaining current and relevant information about the research problem. This information can help to define the research problem more precisely and to support the gathered data from the primary research method (Stevens et al. 1997, pp. 54-55). Before any preliminary data gathering was carried out for the study at hand, the researcher stated the basic research question and brainstormed some research objectives. Through this, the researcher was able to determine the appropriate research approach to be used. For the secondary data gathering, the researcher determined that two sub-methods would be utilis ed: data gathering from previous empirical studies and interviews. The interviews could fall under either one-on-one interviews or focused-group discussions. As there is no general rule for deciding how many group discussions or individual interviews are needed to cover a subject (Hague, Hague, & Morgan, 2004, p. 54), the researcher considered the completion of the conceptual diagram (see Fig. 1) and decided to conduct five focused-group discussion, five expert interviews, and ten individual depth interviews. Figure 1 Conceptual Diagram Advantages Relevant secondary literature, such as journal articles about similar research topics and industry information, was reviewed in order to clarify and refine the research objectives and to specify the correct flow of questions for the interview (Polonsky & Waller, 2005, p. 85). The findings and methodology of the identified key literature provided essential information and served as a basis for the secondary data gathering of this study. The major advantage of this method is acquiring several scholarly data within a short span of time. Furthermore, the main advantage of focused-group discussions and individual depth interviews (Polonsky & Waller, 2005, p. 84) is the quick and economical manner of obtaining insights into the methods of various industries and organisations on how they identify causes of absenteeism, measure and monitor absence, decide on benchmarks, manage absenteeism within the workplace, work on strategies, create flexible working policies, carry out disciplinary policies and procedures, issue notices, and have return-to-work interviews. In-depth interviews among employees can also identify the common reasons for absence and bring to light some factors that employers should consider in managing absenteeism in the workplace. Disadvantages As other researchers have previously collected secondary data for some other purpose, it is necessary to assess the accuracy and relevance of these data to the current project (e.g. the data source, purpose of the study, data collection method, main findings, how current is the research and is it consistent with other information, etc.) (McDaniel & Gates, 2007, pp. 94-95). Some secondary data was not relevant or applicable to the current research problem, because the findings were outdated and reporting units, measurement units and class definitions

Critically evaluate the role and effectiveness of the Environment Essay

Critically evaluate the role and effectiveness of the Environment Agency (UK) in improving air quality in the United Kingdom - Essay Example The organisation plays a regulative role in reducing the emission of air pollutants into the atmosphere from huge industrial processes and thereby improving the air quality in the country. Recently, the agency has planned to extent its operational area to large scale agricultural activities too while giving exception to some agricultural activities that cause release of air pollutants. This paper will critically evaluate the role and effectiveness of UK’s Environmental Agency in promoting air quality in the country. Air pollution in UK Air pollution is a drastically growing issue in the United Kingdom at both local and national levels. Although the air pollution in UK has been better improved over the last decade, it still struggles with air quality issues. Official data indicate that CO2 emissions significantly contribute to the UK’s pollution issue. The UK Air Quality Strategy gives specific focus on emission of air pollutants including benzene, 1,3-butadiene, lead, o zone, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides (DEFRA, 2012). Road transport, fuel combustion, and industrial emissions are some of the major sources of air pollution in UK. Historically, the UK has been greatly suffering from sulphur dioxide and smoke emissions. Nowadays, traffic emissions are growing to be a potential impediment to the UK’s air pollution control efforts. Combustion of fossil fuels has an increasing impact on the UK’s urban air quality. As we mentioned above, air pollution has a range of negative effects on both health and environment. Even though moderate levels of air pollution are not likely to have any serious effect on a normal individual, continuous and long term exposure to air pollution may result in threatening health conditions including inflammatory and respiratory system failures. Air pollution more severely affects the long term sustainability of the environment. Emission of air pollutants like CO2 causes depletion of ozone layer and allows i nfrared and other harmful rays to enter the earth’s atmosphere. Such rays are dangerous to a number of ecosystems and therefore cause to destroy the balance of ecology. Researchers argue that air pollution can have devastating impacts on biodiversity and crop yields. In UK, several studies are being conducted to accurately explore the effects of air pollution on vegetation. Primarily, the UK has started its response to air pollution by the middle of the 20th century when issues like urban smog, black smoke, and sulphur dioxide had begun to threaten the country’s environmental safety. The United Kingdom started to monitor its air pollution issues on a national scale in 1961 (UK Air Pollution, 2003). In the strength of such initiatives, the country could notably reduce coal burning emissions to a great extent. When the country focused more on the reduction of combustion related emissions, transport sector grew to be the most potential source of air pollution in most regi ons of the UK. In order to effectively address this historic change, the UK government’s focus has progressively turned to traffic pollutants including ozone, fine particular matter, and nitrogen dioxide. Some data indicate that UK’s air monitoring networks have noticeably developed over the last two decades; but, this growth did not much contribute to air quality level improvement. Increasing awareness of environmental sustainability, UK’

Economic Transition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economic Transition - Essay Example In addition, trade barriers are being lifted, the export portfolio is diversifying from oil to other products, and market forces are emerging as strong determinant of price and demand. The reasons behind this shift have their roots in the lessons, which the Saudi policy makers learnt from the crisis and recessions of 1980s due to fluctuations in the oil prices. Since then, slowly and gradually, the Saudi government has been trying to strengthen the oil sector and create a reliable banking system, which could provide credit facilities to the new foreign and domestic investors. Important here to understand that this transition is not complete yet it is had some impacts on the macroenvironment. Rather than controlling the country based on the feedback on family members and a few friends, the King has gone on to create a cabinet of ministers, which are experts of economic and financial affairs for policy making and suggestions. The administration has witnessed some retaliation from the s ide of the religious experts of the country because it is hard for them to digest that how can an Islamic welfare state adopt the western capitalistic policies but the administration has appeared firm on its decision to complete this smooth transition by the end of this decade (Ramady, 2010).

William Blake and William Wordsworth | Comparison

William Blake and William Wordsworth | Comparison William Blake and William Wordsworth are two poets that have a few very different views on life and the world. And quite a few close similarities, particularly their writing style, as in they way express their thoughts. William Wordsworth was born on 7 April 1770 in Cockermouth, Cumberland, in the Lake District. His father was John Wordsworth, an attorney. The country and beautiful landscape struck Wordsworths imagination and gave him that love of nature that he is now famous for. As a country poet he isnt used to the dark alleys of London like Blake was and rather than seeing cities as a mark on the landscape, he sees them as an addition. A thing of equal beauty This City now doth, like a garment, wear, The beauty of the morning; silent, bare. You can tell he was only visiting London as he compares it to all the natural metaphors and similies he is used to, and it is a surprise to write about cities, since most of his other poems were about nature. If he maybe had stayed a few months he would not have thought as much to it as he does in the poem, maybe because it is so different to the kind of landscape he is used to he sees it in a positive light. He visited France in 1790 and was influenced by the turmoil of the French Revolution he was also greatly affected by his brothers death in 1805. The oppressive rule of France and the chaos and bloodshed of the revolution that he witnessed hit hard on Wordsworths soft, emotional way of thinking. He had to reinvent a whole new understanding of the world and of the human mind in more solid terms. William Blake was born November 28th 1757, it is evident in his poems he had an awareness of the harsh realities of his life-In every voice, in every ban, the mind-forgd manacles I hear. Here Blake is talking about the oppression of the city of London and how the mind is chained-, which is metaphorical, but he is saying almost how the people of the city are losing their individuality. As a young boy he had a vision of seeing angels in the trees. These mystical visions returned throughout his life, leaving a mark on his poetry and outlook on life. His artistic talent was noticed by many and encouraged. At ten years old, he began engraving, he was very creative and he started his first poem 1773. Blake hated the church; he believed that the truth was learned by personal revelation, not by teaching. In the end he started to think that all religions were one and there wasnt any correct religion to follow. -Crying weep, weep in notes of woe; Where are thy father and mother, say? They are both gone up to the church to pray.- Quotes from The Chimney Sweeper this is where an innocent child having a hard life as a chimney sweep who wants to see his mother and father but has been turned away by them and the Church. Showing how evil and wrong the church is in Blakes opinion for turning away a poor boy that needs help. Wordsworths verdict after Blakes death reflected many opinions of the time: There was no doubt that this poor man was mad, but there is something in the madness of this man which interests me more than the sanity of Lord Byron and Walter Scott. Blakes style of writing was mostly pointing out a lot of negative aspects about things, relating many objects or places to political problems. In Blakes London- Blake has a very pessimistic and sad look on the city. Blake also used metaphors, similes and personification but referring to the political problems happening, as well as problems with the city- this could be not just London but all cities in Britain at the time. For example- every blackening church appalls this is not just skin deep as the church walls were actually black with pollution and dirt, but on a deeper level where he is talking about the corruption in the church. Wordsworth compares his version of London to beauty thats different from surface appearances, and he used imagery to describe Londons beauty comparing it to natural valleys, green countryside and trickling rivers and streams. For example-Never did the sun more beautifully sleep, in his first splendour valley, rock, or hill There he is being more philosophical and pensive; there is less description and more awe of the actual city. Many of his works at that time expressed the beauty of a pure nature, while Composed upon Westminster Bridge praised the way nature and civilization could coexist- how the city was just as beautiful as the countryside but in a different, deeper way. Ships, towers, domes, theatres, and temples lie, Open unto the fields, and to the sky. In many of his poems, Wordsworth begins to go more and more into his own mind, not actually looking at surface appearances but looking through that sometimes into an almost trance-like state. Of harmony, and the deep power of joy, We see into the life of things. He says that in one of his poems in Tintern Abbey. He starts this by looking at the beauty of the landscape, then his mind drifts into deeper things, like his understanding of life and the world around him; Until, the breath of this corporeal frame And even the motion of our human blood, Almost suspended, we are laid asleep, In body, and become a living soul. Blake however is quite different and is deep in a different way. But here he uses a very negative tone to help convey his point. The whole way through he continues his downbeatoppressive tone and describing everything thats wrong with London. And mark in every face I meet, Marks of weakness, marks of woe.- Commenting on how everyone in the city are the victims of an endless work, to keep the city running constantly, he describes how this is sucking out the souls of people the more they work. Blake also seems to use a downbeat negative tone to give an actual gloomy effect. He sayshow the youthful harlots curse, blasts the new-born infants tear. That line basically means that teenagers are forced into prostitution for money and how if they are impregnated without a father then that child is doomed to be the son of a prostitute. The child is born into a life of poverty and the cycle just keeps going on and on. Wordsworth- possibly because of a better upbringing, has a more positive outlook on life and can find it easy to see most things in their own kind of beauty. Unlike Blake who found it hard not to look at the landscape itself but see everything wrong with what it stood for- And the hapless soldiers sigh, Runs in blood down palace walls. From London instead of marvelling at the palace like Wordsworth would have done- he looks at it and reads between the lines- how soldiers are sent to their deaths, and how the city profits from it. In conclusion I think that Blake and Wordsworth are similar in styles on writing but believe very different things. Blake was thought mad by many but I think he just had strong thoughts coming from his own experiences. Wordsworth on the other hand was simply a very philosophical poet, in many of his poems going into a trance-like state seeing the inner beauty of things.

Charles Marlow: Narrating the Darkness Essay -- Joseph Conrads novella

In Joseph Conrad's novella, the Heart of Darkness (1899), Conrad effectively presents the character of Charles Marlow through the heavy usage of Marlow's personal narration throughout the novella. By using such a method of presentation, Conrad presents to the reader Marlow's character, most important of which, his hypocrisy throughout his expedition through Africa. Marlow’s change from an idealistic European seeking work into one who has seen the â€Å"heart of darkness† is illustrated well by using him as the principal narrator, guiding the reader through his descent into madness due his sensitivity to the â€Å"darkness†. Charles Marlow is introduced to the reader by an unnamed narrator, one of five men aboard the Nellie. Of note, he alone is given a physical description by the narrator, of â€Å"sunken cheeks† and â€Å"yellow complexion†, clearly someone who has experienced suffering, even evident in this short description. His physical appearance is not well, and the reader can infer that Marlow’s mental state is not much better, an implication that is soon confirmed by the novel. Shortly after being introduced, Marlow begins his tale, of how he sailed to Africa, comparing it to how the Romans may have felt when they went to the then uncivilized lands of modern London. He retells his experiences there as a member of the â€Å"noble† Company. In doing so, Marlow’s personality is described in great detail, more than the words themselves reveal. Conrad’s choice of using a frame narrative allows the reader to see Marlow’s perspective of events, and give a notable change in tone as the novella progresses. As he enters his story, Marlow tells the fate of his predecessor, a Dane named Fresleven, who â€Å"...went ashore and started to hammer the chief of ... ...searching for truth. As the narrator for the majority of Heart of Darkness, Marlow is recounting his experiences, and reliving his most horrible moments. As the Nellie sails down the Thames into the dark emptiness, Marlow can only see the same, none of the light and brightness means anything. Conrad’s choice of making Marlow the principal narrator telling his own story is an effective way of conveying his message to the reader. The reader will notice Marlow’s descent to madness, his conversations with others being the points of descent, and his thoughts being the indicators. Ultimately, Marlow’s tale makes it apparent that the idealism of anyone, regardless of how intelligent, educated or civilized, cannot survive in the all-consuming heart of darkness. Works Cited Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness and The Secret Sharer. New York: Signet Classics, 1997. Print.

Observing Toddlers Essay

Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are a number of places where toddlers could be observed unobtrusively—at the park, the playground, the mall, and the daycare center. For the purpose of this study, however, I chose to go to the park and observe parents and their toddlers play together. This way, I could easily observe unobtrusively as people would think I was simply there to write or to write down my thoughts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another benefit that the park has to offer is the lack of formal structures and relationships such as those found at daycare centers. At the park, parents and toddlers could interact easily and in a relax manner. That way, the true nature of the relationship between the parents and the toddlers will be easily observed and analyzed and the understanding of the interactions between parents and children will be better understood. This paper then seeks to look at such a relationship by presenting direct observations from families and toddlers that visit the park in our community. I had a small notebook with me and it is where I wrote down my observations, as well as the communication that went on between the parents and the children.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     The toddlers that I observed were approximately between 16 to 30 months old and appeared to be pampered by care by their parents. One the toddlers belong to an Asian-American racial stock while the other one to an American family. Although the parents brought strollers with them, the toddlers were walking and occasionally carried by their parents. Both of the families of the toddlers seem to belong to the middle class. Notably, the second toddler belongs to a mother without a father. Although the author could not exactly know whether she is a single parent or not, at least based on the observation at the park, the mother does not have any other company in visiting the park.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Both toddlers appear to be enamored with their surroundings. They do notice the colors in the park and usually exclaim in delight when they see a butterfly or a bird. Apparently, they are already starting to recognize some of the features of the environment and their understanding of what they are is already being formed in the minds of the young kids. Toddler 1 The first toddler I observed is male. He displayed curiosity in his surroundings. While they were walking in the park, to the way where the family will sit down for an afternoon snack, the toddler was picking up sticks and leaves on the ground. He raised them to his eyes and offered them to his parents. The mother accepted the offer from the toddler and said that it was a leaf. She explained further that the leaf grows on the branch, which the toddler dutifully picked up and offered to her mother again. When the mother pronounced â€Å"leaf† and â€Å"branch†, the toddler also spoke up and attempted to pronounce the same words. A child is very much curious and interested in his surroundings. As part of his cognitive development, he notices the shapes, colors, and different sensations and wonders he encounter in his world. Even at such a young age, he is also being initiated into the process of socialization where he learns the views of his parents and of the larger society where he is located (Turner, 1991). The child, according to Piaget’s theory actively uses his senses to explore his environment and learn about them. Through the use of his senses, he is able to discern relationships among the actions he take and the behavior of the objects that he is viewing (Turner, 1991). Both the component of nature and nurture are at work in this seemingly simple process that the child is going through. He uses his eyes, his ears, his nose, and his whole body to discover the world and learn how it works. His efforts, because they are yet insufficient, are supplemented by his parents, more particularly by his mother, who tells him the names of objects and how they are being referred to in the world. Through the explanation of the mother about the nature of the relationship between leaves and branches, the child is then able to look at the relationship of different objects in his environment albeit in an incomplete fashion. The explanation of the mother regarding the relationship of leaves and branches may not be sufficient for the child to understand the relationship because most of the knowledge of a child advances through his actions and his interpretation about the consequences of the actions he make (Franz & White, 1985). Notably, the toddler was now engaging in eye-to-eye contact with his parents and occasionally asks them for what he wants. His father brought out a ball that the toddler apparently loved playing with. The father and the child started playing with the ball—they played catch, and sometimes they would race together to get the ball first. The toddler was delighted with such play with his father. Although this is the case, the child would also look at his mother and he asked her to come and join them. This is consistent with the theory of Erikson, which holds that the child’s relationship with his mother is perhaps the most important one during this stage of development (Franz & White, 1985). The child continued to play with the ball and when he saw other children in the park, he also went to them and offered to play the ball with them. Apparently, toddler one has good socialization skills to the point that he can mingle with other kids even when his parents are around. This points to the good relationship that the child is enjoying with his parents. Both his parents encouraged him to play with other children and watched him with other kids. True enough, when the child has strong relationships with his parents, he tends to be more socially responsive and socially amiable. In accordance with Psychosocial theorists, the child is displaying good emotional and social skills because his own relationship with his parents are also good and secure. Otherwise, he might become a recluse and refuse the company of people (Charlesworth, 2003). When Toddler one was playing ball with another child, there was an instance in which the other child managed to grab the ball more quickly than toddler one, so what he did was to forcibly claim the ball from his playmate and withheld it from the latter. Through this, the other child looked as if he was about to cry. It is at this moment that the mother of Toddler one intervened. The mother reasoned out firmly with the toddler in regards to sharing toys so that others would also learn how to share. The tone of the mother appeared to be negotiating instead of imposing. This display of authority on the part of the mother is remarkable and shows the secure connection between her and the child (Charlesworth, 2003). Toddler Two When I felt that I have sufficiently observed toddler one, I decided to turn my attention to another toddler playing with a dog not very far from the first toddler. The only companion of the toddler in the park is his mother and their Labrador. I had the impression, although this is difficult to verify, that the mother was a single parent. The mother was silently looking after her child who was playing with the Labrador. Apart from the toy truck and the Frisbee that the child had, there were no other toys that the mother had for the child. The mother appeared to be preoccupied with her own thoughts. When toddler was not busy with his toy truck, he would play with the Frisbee and the dogs with the strength and the capability that he has. The dog seems to act as a guard to the toddler. He does not socialize with other kids very much and he appears content to play by himself. The toddler, it seems is spending most of the time by himself. Although at first glance, this may seem to be a display of autonomy, yet in closer examination of the child, he does not enjoy the benefits that interaction with other kids and with his parent brings. These circumstances will therefore bring forth negative consequences in the development of the social skills of the child and he might find it difficult to relate with other people when he grows up (Keenan, 2002). When the child attempts to play farther from his mother, the latter would come after him and tell him not to move around too much. The mother actually uses her authority over the child to forbid him from going somewhere else. Apparently, the mother wants to keep the child in her sight most of the time. This kind of attitude might breed negative feelings in the child and will contribute to the insecurity of their relationship. Since the relationship of the child with his mother is of utmost importance (Charlesworth, 2003), then his cognitive, emotional and social development will suffer as a consequence. The child also develops a kind of mistrust in the outside world and he will not view the outside world as a safe place. Instead, he might develop the attitude that he always needs his mother to look after him. Erikson warned against this over-protectiveness of parents as it prohibits children to explore and become curious of their environment. Hence, instead of developing self-confidence and self-esteem, toddler two will instead feel shame and doubt (Franz & White, 1985). Toddler two cried when his mother forbade him to wander into the park. When the child cried, the mother responded by being firmer and she almost shouted to toddler two to stop. Instead of stopping, however, toddler cried even louder and displayed tantrums. At this time, the mother punished toddler two by spanking him three times. After several minutes, toddler two stopped crying and remained where he was instead. This display of authority may become inimical to the overall development of the child over the long run as the initiative and the natural curiosity of the child will be dampened and what he will remember most will be the fear associated with the parent’s discipline (Charlesworth, 2003). Toddler two recovered from the spanking after several minutes by turning his attention to the dog and his Frisbee. By distracting himself, he forgot about the incident and started to enjoy himself again. His mother, however, still issued a warning for him â€Å"not to move out of her sight.† According to Erikson, if the urge of the child to explore is removed, then the result would be a lower level of self-esteem on the part of the child (Franz & White, 1985). Toddler two is very much attached to her mother, however, he is not sufficiently developing autonomy. Through the reprimands and the stern warnings of his mother, he becomes dependent on his mother and unable to explore his environment and his surroundings. Over the course of time as he discovers the world further, he may not have sufficient curiosity and initiative to move away from the familiar and instead, he would keep in sight of whoever is looking after him. Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Observing the two toddlers was a good experience for me. It was as if the concepts and theories discussed by Piaget and Erikson were coming to life. Indeed the role of the parents is very crucial in ensuring that a child receives the appropriate socialization and training even while he is young. The strength of the attachment of a child with his parents is very important for him to develop the necessary skills for socialization and in relating with others in his environment. If the relationship of a child with his parents is good as demonstrated by the first toddler I observed, then the child will greatly benefit from it. If, however, the nature of the relationship borders on the dysfunctional, then the socialization skills of the child will be negatively affected. As he grows up, he will have struggles in relating with different kinds of people in his environment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   By observing toddlers, numerous lessons can be gleaned and the nature of the relationship between child and parents will be assessed. Accordingly, intervention strategies could be arrived at so that the child will not suffer needlessly. Furthermore, parents, and everyone dealing with children, should be sensitive to the different levels of development of the child as demonstrated by Piaget and Erikson. By doing so, perhaps the manner of bringing up of children will be better and over the long run, the society will become a better one because of the good rearing of the children. Reference Charlesworth, R. (2003). Understanding Child Development: For Adults Who Work With Young Children. New York: Thomson Delmar Learning. Franz, C. E. & White, K. M. (1985). Individuation and attachment in personality development: Extending Erikson’s theory. Journal of Personality, 53 (2), 224-256. Keenan, T. (2002). An Introduction to Child Development. London: Sage Publications. Turner, P. J. (1991). Relations between Attachment, Gender, and Behavior with Peers in Preschool. Child Development, 62 (6), 1475-1488.